We have seen the Earth becoming uninhabitable in many movies, but what would we do if such a situation happened in real life? Of course, in order to sustain humanity, we will have to move to other planets in the solar system. But it is not as easy as it sounds. If we have to move to live in such a situation, we can only live on Mars in our solar system. But we will not be able to live directly on Mars in the same environment as our Earth because the environment of Mars is full of carbon dioxide, cold, dry like a desert, and has a lot of radiation. Therefore, if we want to live on Mars, we need a colony that can protect us from such things like on Earth. But this is not something that can be built all at once, but it has to be built and set up over the years. But it is not that easy to do with the current technology.

Establishing a colony on Mars would be a great benefit to humanity. Moreover, it is very challenging for us. In this blog, I will talk about establishing a colony on Mars and the benefits it brings to us and the possibilities that give hope for it.

The Benefits of a Mars Colony

Establishing a colony on Mars would have many benefits for humans.

1. Human Survive or New Civilization.

Suppose a situation arises where we cannot live on Earth. It could be due to climate change, natural disaster, asteroid impacts, and overpollution. If such a situation occurs, we could leave Earth and move to Mars, survive there, and then live there as part of a new civilization.

2. Researching Oppurtunities.

In the past, we have found that there is a lot of water on Mars. But we are currently finding all these things using the robotic instruments that we have sent to Mars. The orbiters that we have sent to Mars and conducting studies at a certain distance and rovers conducting studies on the surface of Mars, but we have many limitations in conducting studies using these. But when we stay on Mars and conduct direct studies, we can directly discover and learn many more things.

3. Space Explorations.

We can see many space objects from Mars that we cannot see from Earth, and we can learn more about Because Jupiter is closer to Mars than Earth. Therefore, Jupiter can be observed more clearly from Mars with a telescope than from Earth, and we can learn more about the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter and discover new objects orbiting the Sun through it.

Challengers of Mars Colonization

The first challenge we have to face is the distance to Mars and the journey to get there. The distance to Mars is between 55 and 400 million kilometers from Earth. It will take us 6-9 months to travel this distance and reach Mars. Remember, during these months we will be inside a rocket. Therefore, we will have to experience a lot of depression and stress throughout this journey.

The next challenge we have to face is the Martian environment. Although Mars is a rocky planet like our Earth, it has many differences from Earth.

1. The Atmosphere of Mars.

Mars has a much thinner atmosphere than Earth. That’s why the pressure in the atmosphere of Mars is very low and the temperature of this atmosphere is -63 degrees Celsius. Remember that at 0 degrees Celsius, water turns into ice. We know what happens when we hold such an ice cube in our hands for a while. So we can only imagine how hard -63 degrees Celsius must be.

2. Radiations.

It is the large amount of radiation that falls on the surface of Mars.

• Solar radiation is what comes from the sun.
• It is radiation coming from outside our solar system.

The Cost of the Project

It’s not enough for us to go to Mars alone, we also need to bring materials to build colonies. And since this is a big trip, we also need to bring food, water and fuel with us. All in all, it could cost billions or trillions of dollars just for this single mission. Companies like Space X are regularly offering low-cost human Mars exploration missions.

The Promising Possibilities for Establishing colony

1. Water

We know that water is essential for us to live. But Mars also has water like our Earth, but not in liquid form like on Earth. On the other hand, we can see water in the form of ice at both poles of Mars. But we can treat and filter it using the technology we have and then turn it into a form that we can use.

2. Minerals and Metals

We can find many minerals and metals on Mars, just like we see on Earth. The main ones are oxygen, iron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, potassium, silicon and sulfur. When we establish a colony on Mars, we can mine such minerals and metals and later use them for our various needs.

3. lava Tubes and Undergrounds

We have found many lava tubes and underground caves on Mars, just like on our Earth. But if we talk about the usage of such caves, the radiations outside can prevent from it. So we see such caves as a natural shield. Therefore, if we establish colonies based on such caves, we can prevent the extreme cold and radiations of Mars to some extent.

4. The technology we use in Earth

The Mars Project, led by Elon Musk’s company SpaceX, aims to establish a self-sustaining city. They claim that they will establish a colony on Mars that can accommodate a million people within about 30 years. In advance of that, Space X has developed a reusable rocket called Starship. Initially, the cargo mission will be carried out without humans. Elon Musk says that the first human will be sent to Mars by about 2030.

I have published another blog regarding to Mars, Please read it.